珠江三角洲地区高速公路沿线景观格局变化研究

根据1995年和2005年土地利用数据，借助地理信息系统软件和景观生态学方法研究珠江三角洲区域发展轴线——广深高速公路和广珠高速公路运营前后沿线区域的土地利用和景观格局变化，并进一步对比分析相同功能等级道路的生态效应差异。结果表明：（1）高速公路运营后，沿线区域建设用地增加迅速，耕地大量流失且迅速向建设用地转化；（2）公路的建设运营使得沿线区域人工干扰强度加大，景观斑块密度增加、面积减少、斑块形状趋向复杂，景观破碎化加剧；（3）道路途径区域的社会经济条件以及原有的景观格局特征是导致道路生态破碎效应差异的重要原因；（4）公路对自然景观的影响效应远大于其对人工景观的影响效应。

Assessing landscape pattern changes along expressways in Pearl River Delta

Based on land use maps of 1995 and 2005, we analyzed the land use and landscape changes of study area along the two regional development axis, Guangzhou-Shenzhen expressway and Guangzhou-Zhnhai expressway, further comparing the difference of ecological effects of roads in the same rank, through exerting GIS and landscape ecology methods. The results showed that： 1） building land use increased rapidly while farmland decreased and promptly converted to building land use after the construction of expressways; 2） after the constructions of expressways, the intensity of human disturbance enhanced and landscape fragmentation increased displayed in the increase of patch density, the decrease of patch area and the more complexity of patch shape; 3） landscape fragmentation caused by expressways differed according to regional socio-economic conditions and the original landscape patterns; 4） the impact of highway on natural landscape was much larger than that on artificial landscape.