系统解决环评委托代理和环评审批中公正性问题的建议

委托代理关系失范、行政干预较普遍和监督约束机制不完善等是影响环境影响评价公正性的主要因素，也是影响环境影响评价有效性的重要因素。因此，推动环评单位与环境保护行政主管部门脱钩是必需的，但简单脱钩不能从根本上解决问题，必须采取系统解决方案，其它隶属于有环境评价初审权的主管部门和行业的环评机构比照执行脱钩。不仅如此，还应理顺评价各方的关系，可参考公共支出代理理论，借鉴荷兰环评市场经验，成立单独的中立机构。同时，明确相关方职责和责任，建立健全监督约束机制和责任追究制度。

Suggestions to Resolve Fairness in Transaction and Approval of Environmental Impact Assessment

The anomic principal - agent relation, the common administration intervention and the faultiness supervision and restraint system, are the main factors influencing the equity and the validity of environmental impact assessment （EIA）. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the decoupling of the EIA institutes and the competent administrative department of environmental protection. However, the simple decoupling can＇t settle the problem basically. The system solution should be used, and the other EIA - institutes affiliated with competent administrative department with preliminary examination rights and the EIA - institutes in this industry also should be decoupled according to the method. Not only such, it should straighten out the relation of all the parties, and we can establish a separate neutrally organization learning from Holland example. At the same time, it is essential to definitude the responsibility and duty of the stakeholders, and establish and healthy the supervision and restraint system and the investigating legal responsibility system.