渤海中部底质沉积物重金属环境质量

对渤海中部底质沉积物中的重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、V、Ni的含量和空间分布进行了分析,与国内外其他海域进行了对比,探讨了重金属来源,并对沉积物中重金属进行了环境质量评价.研究发现,该区重金属元素Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr、V、Ni的平均含量分别为22.50, 24.26, 64.27, 59.66, 67.91, 30.57mg/g,重金属在海河口附近、渤海湾中部、渤海中部泥质区及辽东半岛沿岸的含量较高,而在研究区东部的渤中浅滩和渤海湾北部的含量较低.与国内外其他海域相比,研究区的重金属含量处于中等水平.重金属以自然来源为主,同时受到人类活动的显著影响.采用地质累积指数法和生态危害评价法对研究区底质沉积物的环境质量评价表明:渤海湾北部和研究区东部的渤中浅滩污染程度较轻或者无污染;辽东半岛沿岸为轻度污染;海河口及天津沿岸、渤海湾中部、研究区中部泥质区为中度污染.污染元素主要是Pb,其次为Cr、Zn和V,而Cu和Ni的污染程度较低.

Environmental quality of heavy metals in surface sediments in the central region of the Bohai Sea

The distributions and environmental quality assessments of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, V, Ni in the surface sediments in the central region of the Bohai Sea were performed. The contents of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, V, Ni were 22.50, 24.26, 64.27, 59.66, 67.91 and 30.57mg/g, respectively. The contents were high in the Haihe River mouth and central region of the Bohai Bay, the mud area in the central study region and the coastal area of south Liaodong Peninsula; while that were low in the east of study area and the northern Bohai Bay. They were in middle level compared with that in other domestic and foreign regions. The heavy metals mainly came from natural sources, but were affected significantly by human activities. The environment quality evaluation of the sediment was carried out by the methods of geological cumulative index and ecological risk assessment. There were light polluted or non-pollution in the north Bohai Bay and the shallow of the central Bohai Sea at the east of study area; and light polluted along the coast of the south Liaodong Peninsula; while the western and southern areas of Bohai Bay, the central mud area of the Bohai Sea were medium polluted. The primary pollution element is Pb, which followed by Cr, Zn, V. The pollution of Cu and Ni were less.