光气生产装置的危险性及事故统计分析

通过对光气、光气化生产工艺过程存在的危险性分析,笔者认为气相光气化工艺比液相光气化工艺危险性小,而固体光气化生产工艺与气、液相光气生产工艺相比,危险性更小。同时对国内外光气和光气化生产发生事故的原因进行分析探讨,指出事故的原因主要是由管道及设备缺陷、个体防护用品缺乏、设计缺陷及人为失误引起。采用固体光气替代光气参与各种有机合成,与液相或气相光气工艺相比具有安全、反应条件温和、易操作、工艺简便、反应计量准确等优点,因此,固体光气工艺发展前景广阔。

Potential Risk of Phosgen Production Installation and Accidental Statistical Analysis

Through the analysis of the potential risks of phosgene and its production process, it is considered that the risk of gas phase technology is less risky than that of liquid phase, while the solid phase technology is even much less risky than those of gas and liquid phases. The causation of accidents occurred both at home and abroad is analyzed and probed into. It is found that the main causation of accidents is defects in pipelines and equipment, lack of personal protection devices, defects in design and man-made error. By substituting solid phosgene into various organic synthesis reactions, it would be much safer than applying gas and liquid phase phosgene. The reaction conditions are moderate and easy-to-operate, the technology is rather simple. The reaction quantification is more accurate. So the phosgene technology in solid phase may have a bright prospect.