| 硝化作用微生物的分子生物学研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘志培,刘双江.硝化作用微生物的分子生物学研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2004,10(4):521-525. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘志培 刘双江 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院微生物研究所,北京,100080 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家 8 63计划 (2 0 0 2AA60 1 1 50 )，中国科学院百人计划项目资助~~ |
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| 摘 要： | 回顾了硝化作用微生物的分子生物学研究进展 ,主要介绍了硝化作用微生物的种类 ,包括氨氧化菌、亚硝酸氧化菌、异养氨氧化菌和厌氧氨氧化菌 .这些微生物的系统发育分析表明亚硝化菌的系统发育相对简单 ,而硝化细菌则要复杂许多 .还介绍了在硝化作用微生物生态学研究中应用的分子生物学技术 ,如PCR、变性梯度胶电泳 (DGGE)、原位荧光杂交 (FISH)等 ,以及不同类群细菌中与硝化作用相关的酶类及其基因 .文章的最后还提出了一些研究展望 .图 3参 35
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| 关 键 词： | 氨氧化细菌 硝化细菌 氨单加氧酶 羟氨氧化还原酶 亚硝酸盐氧化还原酶 amo hao nor |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年7月14日 |
ADVANCES IN THE MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF NITRIFYING MICROORGANISMS |
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| Abstract: | The advances in study on molecular biology of nitrifying microorganisms are reviewed in this paper. Nitrifying microorganisms include ammonia oxidizers, nitrite oxidizers, heterotrophic ammonia oxidizers and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria. The analysis of systematic evolution of these bacteria reveals that the evolution of ammonia oxidizers is quite simple, while the evolution of nitrite oxidizers is very complicated. This paper introduces the application of several molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in ecological study of nitrifying bacteria, the mechanisms of ammonia oxidation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and the enzymes and their genes related to ammonia oxidation in different bacteria. Reveral research prospects are also proposed. Fig 3, Ref 35 |
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| Keywords: | ammona oxidizing bacteria nitrification bacteria ammona monooxygenase hydroxylamine oxidoreductase nitrite oxidoreductase amo hao nor |
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