Total Organic Carbon,an Important Tool in an Holistic Approach to Hydrocarbon Source Fingerprinting |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biogeography and Paleoecology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland;2. Institute of Geology, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Krygowskiego 12, 61-680 Poznań, Poland;3. Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;4. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences INGPAN, Research Centre in Warsaw, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland;5. Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom;6. School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, United Kingdom;7. Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland;8. Centre for the Study of Demographic and Economic Structures in Preindustrial Central and Eastern Europe, University of Bialystok, Plac Uniwersytecki 1, 15-420 Białystok, Poland;1. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, CONICET, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Área de Paleontología, Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Division of Applied Geophysics, Luleå University of Technology, S-97187 Luleå, Sweden;2. Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, 83120 Kathoo, Phuket,Thailand;3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;4. Division of Applied Geology, Luleå University of Technology, S-97187 Luleå, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | The identification and allocation of multiple hydrocarbon sources in marine sediments is best achieved using an holistic approach. Total organic carbon (TOC) is one important tool that can constrain the contributions of specific sources and rule out incorrect source allocations in cases where inputs are dominated by fossil organic carbon. In a study of the benthic sediments from Prince William Sound (PWS) and the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), we find excellent agreement between measured TOC and TOC calculated from hydrocarbon fingerprint matches of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and chemical biomarkers. Confirmation by two such independent source indicators (TOC and fingerprint matches) provides evidence that source allocations determined by the fingerprint matches are robust and that the major TOC sources have been correctly identified. Fingerprint matches quantify the hydrocarbon contributions of various sources to the benthic sediments and the degree of hydrocarbon winnowing by waves and currents. TOC contents are then calculated using source allocation results from fingerprint matches and the TOCs of contributing sources. Comparisons of the actual sediment TOC values and those calculated from source allocation support our earlier published findings (5) that the natural petrogenic hydrocarbon background in sediments in this area comes from eroding Tertiary shales and associated oil seeps along the northern GOA coast and exclude thermally mature area coals from being important contributors to the PWS background due to their high TOC content. |
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