中国生态文明建设试点政策评估研究

生态文明建设是关系中华民族永续发展的千年大计。近年来,为加强我国生态文明建设,国家层面制定了一系列生态文明建设试点政策,发挥了对全局性改革的示范、突破和带动作用,但也存在部分试点政策执行进展偏慢、效果不如预期等问题,亟待进行系统评估。本研究基于政策过程理论,从政策制定与政策执行两个维度遴选26项评估指标,通过定量分析与定性分析相结合,对我国的生态文明试点政策体系(共9大类、53项)进行系统评估。研究发现:①政策目标有待完善,考核机制尚需健全;②改革任务交叉重复且分工不明,存在部门利益导向;③试点的空间、类型分布不均衡,试点选择科学性不足;④立法、市场、社会参与等管理手段有待进一步完善。在此基础上,本研究从目标设置、任务优化、试点布局以及管理机制运用等四个方面提出了若干对策建议,以期对完善我国生态文明建设制度体系提供决策参考。

Evaluation on Pilot Policies of Ecological Civilization Construction

Ecological civilization construction is very important for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.In recent years, in order to strengthen the ecological civilization construction of China, a series of pilot policies were made.These pilot policies have played demonstration, breakthrough and leading effects for the overall reform of ecological civilization. However, there are some problems of some pilot policies, such as slow implementation progress and less effective results. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate these pilot policies. This study has combed the pilot policy system, which consisting nine types and 53 policies. The characteristics of the pilot policy system of ecological civilization construction are mainly reflected in multiple types, multiple quantities, multi-stakeholders, and complex policy process. We then chose 26 evaluation indicators from the perspective of policy made and policy implementation,and made their evaluation criteria. Through evaluation, the main problems of pilot policies of ecological civilization are found. First, the policy goals and the assessment mechanisms need to be improved.Second, the reform tasks of different departments are overlap and conflict with each other.Third, the space and type distribution of pilot policies are unbalanced, and the scientific of pilot selection is insufficient. Forth, legislative, market, and social participation management methods need to be further improved.On this basis, suggestions have been proposed from three aspects: goal setting, task optimization, pilot layout and management mechanism application.