落石冲击下多种类型土壤缓冲性能研究

针对现有研究对落石灾害中不同类型土壤中落石的最大冲击力和冲击力变化规律偏差较大的情况,对落石在四种土壤中的冲击力进行研究。通过试验验证SPH-FEM方法在冲击力方面的适用性。采用SPH-FEM模型分析落石在四种土壤中的最大冲击力、冲击力时程曲线规律和在砂土中的冲击力时程曲线公式。分析结果表明:SPH-FEM数值模型能够准确用于研究落石在土层中的最大冲击力和冲击力时程曲线。四种土壤的缓冲性能顺序为砂土、黏土、壤土和黄棕壤。研究得到落石在四种土壤中的最大冲击力与落体直径、冲击速度的关系曲线以及在砂土中的冲击力时程曲线公式。

Buffering Capacity of Various Types Soil under Rockfall Impact Load

Large deviation between the maximum impact force and its variation of falling rocks in different types of soil has been reported by current research. In view of this, the impact force of falling rocks in four kinds of soil was studied. The applicability of the SPH-FEM method for impact force simulation was verified by experiments. A SPH-FEM model was used to analyze the maximum impact force and impact force-time history curves in four kinds of soil, and the time history curve in sandy soil. Results showed that the SPH-FEM numerical model can be used to study the maximum impact force and impact force-time history curve of rock in soil. The sequence of buffer capacity of four soils was sand, clay, loam, and yellow-brown soil. The time history curve of impact force of rock in the sand and the relationship among the maximum impact force, diameter, and impact velocity in the four soils were obtained in this study.