典型废矿物油中苯系物的污染特性及其再生利用中的迁移转化

分别对6种不同的废矿物油、废矿物油再生中的原料油、半成品油、成品油和废弃物中的苯系物(全称苯及衍生物,简称BTEX)污染特征进行了系统分析.结果表明,6种不同的废矿物油中,苯系物总含量大小为:废机油(3569.8 mg·kg~(-1))废淬火油(531.9 mg·kg~(-1))废铸造用油(314.8 mg·kg~(-1))废防锈油(96.5 mg·kg~(-1))废液压油(42.3 mg·kg~(-1))废润滑油(11.7 mg·kg~(-1)),这与苯系物的来源及油品的工作环境有关.再生利用过程中的原料及产品中,苯系物总含量大小为:半成品油(5516.2 mg·kg~(-1))成品油(2692.5 mg·kg~(-1))原料油(756.3mg·kg~(-1)),这与原料油催化裂解过程中新的苯系物的生成,以及半成品油吸附精制过程中部分苯系物被吸附有关.再生过程中产生的废弃物中,苯系物总含量大小为:酸渣(1368.9 mg·kg~(-1))废白土(382.1 mg·kg~(-1))沉淀油渣(145.3 mg·kg~(-1))废吸附沙(121.0 mg·kg~(-1))裂解残渣(25.7 mg·kg~(-1)),这与废矿物油再生处理工艺和方法有关.

Pollution characteristics of BTEX in common used mineral oils and their transformation during oil regeneration

The characteristics of BTEX in commonly used mineral oils, semi-refined oils, refined oils and solid wastes produced during the oil regeneration process were analysed. The results showed that total BTEX content in six commonly used mineral oils was ordered as used engine oil(3569.8 mg·kg^-1) > used quenching oil (531.9 mg·kg^-1) > used casting oil (314.8 mg·kg^-1) > used antirust oil (96.5 mg·kg^-1) > used hydraulic oil (42.3 mg·kg^-1) > used industrial lubricating oil (11.7 mg·kg^-1). Furthermore, this order was dependent on the source of BTEX and oil working temperatures. Additionally, total BTEX content in regenerated oils was ordered as semi-refined oil (5516.2 mg·kg^-1) > refined oil (2692.5 mg·kg^-1) > crude oil (756.3 mg·kg^-1), which was related to the catalytic cracking process of crude oil and adsorption refining process of semi-refined oil. Total BTEX content in regenerated wastes was ordered by the regeneration method as acid sludge (1368.9 mg·kg^-1) > waste clay (382.1 mg·kg^-1) > precipitation sludge (145.3 mg·kg^-1) > waste adsorption sand (121.0 mg·kg^-1) > cracked residue (25.7 mg·kg^-1).