辽河流域水环境治理模式与“十四五”规划思考

系统梳理了“九五”以来辽河流域生态环境治理与保护历程,分析了辽河流域水环境质量、水生态修复、水环境管理体制机制建设等方面存在的主要问题。基于国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项辽河项目研究成果,总结了辽河流域“流域统筹、分类控源、协同治理、系统修复、产业支撑”(“管、控、治、修、产”)五位一体的治理模式。按照凸显绿色发展、突出科技支撑、助力经济高质量发展的战略要求,结合辽河流域大型重化工行业群的特点,从合理确定辽河流域水生态环境保护“十四五”规划的目标及考核指标,科学制定水环境、水资源、水生态(“三水”)统筹措施,完善绿色发展制度和加强科技支撑等方面,对辽河流域水污染防治“十四五”规划提出建议,以期持续改善流域生态环境质量。

Water environmental governance mode in Liaohe River Basin and thinking towards the 14th Five-Year Plan

The process of ecological environmental governance and protection in Liaohe River Basin since the 9th Five-Year Plan was systematically combed, and the main problems in water environment quality, water ecological restoration, water environmental management system and mechanism construction in Liaohe River Basin were analyzed. Based on the research results of Liaohe River project, under Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment, the “Five-in-One” management mode of “river basin overall planning (environmental management), classified source control (pollution control), collaborative management (environmental governance), systematic restoration (ecological restoration), industrial support (technological industrialization)” in Liaohe River Basin was summarized. According to the strategic requirements of highlighting green development, emphasizing scientific and technological support, and assisting high-quality economic development, combined with the characteristics of the large-scale heavy chemical industry cluster in Liaohe River Basin, some suggestions were made from the aspects of reasonably determining the objectives and assessment indicators of the 14th Five-Year Plan for water ecological environment protection in Liaohe River Basin, scientifically formulating “water environment, water resources, water ecology” (“Three Waters”) overall planning measures, improving the green development system, and strengthening scientific and technological support, etc., so as to continuously improve the ecological environment quality of the river basin.