浙江省萧山市山一村农村生态良性循环与系统管理研究 Ⅴ.农田病虫害综合防治试验与实施

本项调控工程分两步:1984—1986年在山一村106ha农田开展病虫害综合防治试验示范;1987—1989年将试验成果应用于生产。试验研究取得了明显的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益:农药用量比1983年前减少80.6％,稻谷中农药残留不超标(原有机氯农药666残留超标率31.6％);害虫天敌稻田蜘蛛增加83.3—180.0％,稻虱多索线虫增加2倍;防治农药成本减少53.7％。并制定了《山一村农田农药污染防治技术规程》,其主要内容有:开展病虫害“二查二定”,达到防治指标时用药;制定病虫害防治策略,在防治适期内用药;推广高效低残留农药,遵守农药安全间隔期;推广抗性良种,适施N肥,增施P、K肥;保护利用天敌,发挥天敌自然抑制作用。

STUDY ON BENIGN CYCLE OF RURAL ECOSYSTEM AND SYSTEMATIVE MANAGEMENT OF SHANYI VIL- LAGE NEAR XIAOSHAN CITY, ZHEJIANG PROVINCE. V. Comprehensive Prevent and Control of Plant Disease and Insect and practical Implementation.

The demonstrative expereriment on compre-hensive prevent and Control of pland disease and insect was conducted in a relatively large agricultural area (106.1ha) in Shanyi village during 1984 - 1986. The experimental results were extensively applied in production from 1987 to 1989. A techniques regulation in prevention of pesticide pollution has been formulated in the village. The integrated measures for prevent pesticide pollution include: working out the control strategyi applying pesticide in optimum period with rational dosei protecting and utilizing the natural enemies of insect i popularizing resistant plant varieties t spreading highly effective and less-persistent pesticides i applying N P and K fertilizers rationally t and so on. As a result, the remarkable economical , ecological and social benefits were achieved. The pesticide application dosage was reduced by 80. 6%. The residue, of organochlorine pesticides (such as BHC) in grain is in the range of permissible level (it was over the permissive level by 31. 6% in the past). The number of spiders in fields increased by 83. 3-180. 1% and that of Agamermis sp. (a kind of natural enemy of rice planthopper) raised to 3 times as high as that of the past.