典型高山堰塞湖湖滨带和缓冲带的划定及生态修复思路——以镜泊湖为例

镜泊湖是中国最大、世界第二大高山堰塞湖,具有特殊的地形地貌,属于典型通江型深水湖泊。通过对镜泊湖及周边生态环境调查,划定了湖滨带和缓冲带的类型及宽度。基于镜泊湖岸带地形地貌特征及水文情况,将镜泊湖湖滨带划分为山体型、大堤型、道路型、河口型、村落型、农田型6种类型,将镜泊湖缓冲带划分为山体型、农田型、村落型3种类型。结合湖滨带和缓冲带的生境、土地利用方式、土壤侵蚀状况及植被分布现状等因素,阐述镜泊湖湖滨带和缓冲带生态环境面临的主要问题,提出镜泊湖湖滨缓冲带生态修复思路,以期为镜泊湖湖滨缓冲带的生态保护及修复提供参考。

Classification of littoral zone and buffer zone in a typical mountain barrier lake and the scheme of ecological restoration: a case study of Jingpo Lake

Jingpo Lake is the largest mountain barrier lake in China and the second largest lake of this kind in the world. It is a typical river connected deep-water lake with special topography and landform. Jingpo Lake and its surrounding eco-environment were investigated, and the types and widths of littoral zone and buffer zone were classified. Based on the topographic and landform characteristics and hydrological conditions of Jingpo Lake shore zone, the littoral zone of Jingpo Lake was divided into six types including hill type, dike type, road type, estuary type, village type and farmland type, while the buffer zone of Jingpo Lake was divided into three types including village type, farmland type and village type. Additionally, based on the factors such as habitat, land use mode, soil erosion and vegetation distribution of the littoral zone and buffer zone, the main problems of eco-environment in the littoral zone and buffer zone of Jingpo Lake were discussed and the ecological restoration ideas of Jingpo Lake littoral zone and buffer zone were proposed. The results were aimed to provide reference for the ecological protection and restoration of the littoral zone and buffer zone in Jingpo Lake.