Highly controlled nest homeostasis of honey bees helps deactivate phenolics in nectar |
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Authors: | Fanglin Liu Jianzhong He Wenjun Fu |
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Institution: | (1) Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuefu Road 88, Kunming, 650223, P. R. China;(2) Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai institutes for Biological Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai, 200023, P. R. China;(3) Institute of Resource Insects, the Chinese Academy of Forestry, Bailongshi, Kunming, 650224, P. R. China |
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Abstract: | Honey bees have a highly developed nest homeostasis, for example, maintaining low CO2 levels and stable nest temperatures at 35°C.We investigate the role of nest homeostasis in deactivating phenolic compounds present in the nectar of Aloe littoralis. We show that the phenolic content in nectar was reduced (from 0.65% to 0.49%) after nectar was incubated in a nest of Apis cerana, and that it was reduced still more (from 0.65% to 0.37%) if nectar was mixed with hypopharyngeal gland proteins (HGP) of worker bees before being placed inside a nest. HGP had little effect on samples outside a nest, indicating that nest conditions are necessary for HGP to deactivate phenolics in nectar. Consequently, the highly controlled nest homeostasis of honey bees facilitates direct deactivation of phenolics in nectar, and plays a role in the action of HGP as well. |
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