云南省姚安县水土保持生态修复措施的效益研究

姚安县是“长江上中游水土保持生态修复工程”项目县，在该县的洋派河小流域修筑同样面积的4个径流小区，采取不同的生态修复措施，分别为对照地（即撂荒地）、人工补植地（人工种植澳洲金合欢）、封禁措施地、坡耕地（人工耕种的坡耕地）4种，修复中控制人类活动对自然的过度干扰和侵害，充分利用生态自我恢复能力，大面积实施生态自我修复，提高植被覆盖度减少水土流失。从植被重要值，土壤理化性质，土壤的保土保水量以及经济效益等方面进行对比分析计算，研究结果如下：生态修复后人工补植地和封禁地:①植被恢复迅速，植被覆盖度达到60%以上；②土壤的结构得到改善，封禁地全N含量最高，补植地当人工恢复达到一定年限后含N量也会增加；③土壤的保持水土量增加；④生态修复后，经济效益得到明显提高。

BENEFIT OF SELF-REMEDY OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION IN YAO'AN COUNTY IN YUNNAN

Yao′an County is one of the counties of self remedy in the upper and middle reaches of The Yangtze River Project .In Yangpaihe small watershed ,the construction of four runoff plots in the same area, are the compared land, artificial renewal land, closing hillsides land and the sloping plantation land，respectively.The interference and invasion of human activities on the nature was controlled to improve the self restoration of ecology in this large area. The authors studied the important value of vegetation, soil physiochemical properties, the water and soil holding capacity and the economic benefits. Results show that：①The speed of plant rehabilitation is rapid after self remedy of ecology. The vegetation coverage is all above 60%；②The soil structure and the nitrogen content are improved after ecology restoration；③The water holding and soil holding capacity is improved；④Economic benefits increased obviously.