污水处理厂出水中雌激素活性物质浓度与生态风险水平

再生水在环境和景观水体利用中，由微量有毒有害污染物，特别是内分泌干扰物引起的长期生态风险备受关注. 以再生水生态风险控制为目的，对城市污水处理厂出水(再生水)中雌激素活性物质浓度分布情况进行了研究，归纳了8种雌激素活性物质的出水浓度水平，比较分析了各物质的雌激素活性和生态风险. 结果表明:8种物质的质量浓度分布在ng/L～μg/L，其中ρ(类固醇)最低，为nd～50 ng/L；ρ(酚类)及ρ(酞酸酯类)主要在μg/L水平，个别高达40 μg/L. 雌激素活性分析和生态风险评价结果表明，污水处理厂出水(再生水)中3类雌激素活性物质的雌激素活性和生态风险顺序均为类固醇物质＞酚类物质＞酞酸酯类物质. 城市污水再生处理厂应优先控制乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)、雌酮(E1)和雌三醇(E3)等3种雌激素活性物质. 

Concentration and Ecological Risk Level of Estrogenic Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in the Effluents from Wastewater Treatment Plants

The long-term ecological risk of micropollutants, especially endocrine-disrupting chemicals, in reclaimed water has received continuous attention due to its important application to environment and landscape water. In order to control the ecological risk of reclaimed water, the concentration distributions of eight kinds of estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (reclaimed water) were surveyed. Their concentration levels were summarized, and their estrogenic activity and ecological risk were compared. The results show that the concentration levels were in the range of ng/L-μg/L, with the concentration level of steroid hormone being the lowest, ranging from nd-50 ng/L. The concentrations of phenolic compounds and phthalates were at μg/L levels, as high as 40 μg/L for some chemicals. Estrogenic activity analysis and ecological risk assessment indicated that the order of estrogenic activity and ecological risk of the three estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals was steroids hormone followed by phenolic compounds, and then phthalate esters. It is suggested that 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), estrone (E1) and estriol (E3) should be preferentially controlled in municipal wastewater treatment plants.