Cardanol Polymerization Under Acid Conditions By Addition And Condensation Reactions |
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| Authors: | Tatiana Loureiro Rocio Macarena Moyano Dip Elizabete Lucas Luciana Spinelli |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Instituto de Macromoléculas, Laboratório de Macromoléculas e Colóides na Indústria de Petróleo,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;2.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Gradua??o e Pesquisa em Engenharia, Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil;3.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Gradua??o e Pesquisa em Engenharia, Programa de Engenharia de Nanotecnologia,Rio de Janeiro,Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is a byproduct of the cashew nut industry and consists predominantly of phenolic compounds that have an side chain with different degrees of unsaturation. Cardanol, one of these components, is biodegradable and widely available. Studies have revealed several polymerization reactions involving cardanol. However, the mechanisms and detailed structures of polymerization reactions have not been explored, although the final product shows different applications. In this work, we evaluated the mechanism and the products structure of the reaction of cardanol with: (i) boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF3O(CH2CH3)2), and (ii) formaldehyde. The characterizations were performed by FTIR, 1H NMR, SEC and TGA. The results show that the reaction of cardanol with aldehyde produces the expected like-comb structure with a long hydrocarbon pendent chain. Nevertheless, the reaction of cardanol with BF3O(CH2CH3)2 can exhibits a more complex structure since it was identified aromatic ring linkages, besides the expected polymerization through C=C. |
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