长江中游水生生物多样性保护面临的威胁和压力

长江中游地区作为世界上最大的淡水生态区之一，生物多样性保护具有非常特殊的地位和作用。分析了长江中游地区生物多样性保护面临的主要威胁与压力，认为生境破碎萎缩、资源不合理开发利用、水环境污染、外来物种入侵等是生物多样性面临的主要威胁，而传统方式下的经济增长、土地利用粗放、人口增长与贫困、政策与管理等方面存在的问题将是生物多样性保护面临的主要压力。

THREAT AND PRESSURE FOR THE BIO-DIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN THE AREA ALONG THE MIDDLE REACHES OF CHANGJIANG RIVER WITH SUGGESTIONS ON THE COUNTERMEASURE

In the area along the middle reaches of Changjiang River, the bio-diversity conservation stands for a very especial status with important values due to the complicated and diversiform eco-environment and the abundant biology resources. As one of the typical areas in the study of bio-diversity, the bio-diversity in the area has attracted universal attention of national and overseas scholars. This paper deals with the problem of threats and pressures on the biological diversity conservation in these areas and some kinds of ecological systems. The main threat includes the ecological environment fragmentation, exploitative manner of natural resources; pollution of water environment; inbreak of foreign species, and etc. And the main pressure includes conventional mode of economic increase, non-intensive land use; population increase and poverty, problems in the policy and administration of governments. Then, the authors put forward some countermeasures to strengthen the bio-diversity conservation.