智能手机应用程序使用与操作的驾驶分心风险影响研究*

为研究智能手机应用程序操作方式与使用行为对驾驶分心影响的问题，探讨智能手机程序操作方式对驾驶分心影响的优劣关系，基于结构方程模型提出4个因果关系假设，构建涵盖程序使用、驾驶分心、驾驶绩效等潜变量的智能手机使用行为影响的结构方程模型。通过收集线下问卷的方式进行调查，搭建模拟场景，设计6项实验方案，通过驾驶模拟实验方式收集相关数据，建立相对偏差矩阵。研究结果表明:手机通话功能的使用（路径系数0.472）对驾驶分心影响显著，手机导航功能使用（路径系数0.256）、手机音乐功能使用（路径系数0.249）对驾驶分心影响不显著。语音交互方式均优于手动操作方式，其中语音交互启动导航方式（F3=0.019）的影响最小。研究结果可对道路驾驶情况下智能手机应用使用与操作方式的研究起推动作用。

Research on influence of usage and operation of smartphone application on driving distraction risk

In order to study the influence of the operation modes and usage behavior of smartphone application on the driving distraction,the pros and cons relationship of the influence of operation modes of smartphone application on the driving distraction was discussed.Based on the structural equation model,four causality hypotheses were proposed to build a structural equation model on the usage behavior influence of smartphone covering the potential variables such as application usage,driving distraction and driving performance.The Survey was conducted by collecting the offline questionnaires,and the simulation scenarios were built,then six experimental schemes were designed,and the relevant data were collected through the driving simulation experiments to establish the relative deviation matrix.The results showed that the usage of mobile phone call function (0.472) had significant influence on the driving distraction,while the usage of mobile phone navigation function (0.256) and mobile phone music function (0.249) had no significant influence on the driving distraction.The all the voice interaction modes were better than manual operation mode,among which,the voice on navigation mode (F3=0.019) had the least influence.It promotes the research on the usage and operation modes of smartphone application under the condition of road driving.