基于模糊评判法的陕西农村公共物品供给模式选择分析

陕西一直实行"以农补工、优先发展城市、优先发展工业"的倾斜性战略政策,使得城乡在资源分配和社会事业发展等方面存在较大的差距,农村发展处于劣势地位,尤其是农村公共物品未能得到有效供给,其供给主要是采取以政府为主导的模式。研究利用陕西农村1990-2008年的时间序列统计数据,通过构建陕西农村经济发展的9个评判指标并对其分别赋予不同的隶属度,运用模糊评判法,对陕西农村公共物品供给的经济发展阶段进行了定量评判。实证研究表明,自20世纪90年代以来,陕西农村地区整体上处于经济发展的第二个阶段,即经济发展的成长阶段。因此,陕西应主要采取以政府为主导型的农村公共物品供给模式,而私人(市场)供给只能作为农村公共物品供给的少许补充。农村公共物品供给模式应根据经济发展阶段作出选择,以期实现各个时期农村公共物品供给的最优化:考虑不同地区农民的需求意愿,改革"一刀切"的供给模式;扭转农民负担部分公共物品供给成本的局面。

Analysis on Selection of Rural Public Goods Supplying Mode Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation in Shaanxi

Because Shaanxi has implemented the strategies of subsidization of industry by agriculture,industry,preferential development of city and industry for a long time,a greater disparity formed in urban and rural areas between resource allocation and social undertakings,and rural development was at a disadvantage.Especially rural public goods were not supplied effectively,and its supply has dominated by government.Through establishing nine indicators of the rural economic development in Shaanxi and different membership degrees,this paper evaluates economic developmental stages of rural public goods supply by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE) with rural public goods supplying deta from 1990 to 2008 in Shaanxi Province.Since the 1990s,the economic development of Shaanxi rural area has been in the second stage of economic development as a whole,namely growth stage.Most of rural public goods supply was mainly invested by Shaanxi governments.Only a few of rural public goods could be invested by private or market funds as a supplement.Supply mode of rural public goods should be selected according to the local economic developmental stage in the hope of the most optimum supply of the rural public goods in each stage.The farmers’ demand in different areas should be considered.The supply mode "one size fits all" should be reformed.Governments should release farmer’s burden on supply cost of some rural public goods.