南京市典型工业区耕地中多环芳烃源解析

多环芳烃作为重要的环境激素类物质，对环境和人类健康具有严重危害而受到人们的广泛重视。选择南京市某一大型钢铁集团周边耕地土壤为研究对象，对研究区域内多环芳烃（PAHs）残留量进行调查，并对其污染来源进行解析，为该区域土壤PAHs的综合防治提供参考依据。结果表明：PAHs总残留量范围为312.2~27 580.9 ng/g，且以4环以上多环芳烃组分为主。单一污染物以芘、屈、荧蒽、苯并［a］芘、蒽、菲、苯并［a］蒽、苯并［k］荧蒽、茚并［1,2,3 cd］芘、苯并［g,h,i］苝为主。不同样区土壤PAHs残留量受常年风向影响明显。推测工业区的气体性排放物是本研究区域土壤中PAHs的主要来源。大气沉降可能是导致本研究区PAHs污染的重要途径之一。另外，地表径流、固体废弃物排放、生活燃煤等导致部分采样点含量较高。在对下风向区域中距中心污染源不同距离采样点PAHs含量分析时发现，高环PAHs总量总体表现出随污染源距离的增加，污染程度递减的规律。在对多环芳烃源成分谱轮廓特征的分析基础上，利用各种参数，从分子量优势度、环数相对丰度、特征指数等方面，分别对各区域土壤中多环芳烃来源进行比较分析，据此推断，四区域PAHs污染均在不同程度上受化石的燃烧所致，但各区域的PAHs污染源不同。钢铁企业内的炼焦厂是该区域多环芳烃主要污染源之一.

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN AGRICULTURAL SOIL IN TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL ZONE IN NANJING CITY

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),a kind of environmental hormones,are harmful to environment and the healthy of human being.Therefore,PAHs have attracted much attention from researchers.In the paper,PAHs in soils around a steel mill in Nanjing were investigated and examined.Based on the analysis of residue of PAHs,the paper discussed the sources of PAHs pollution in order to deal with the pollution problems and serve for environment planning and management.Results showed that PAHs residue in this area ranged between 312.2 and 27 580.9 ng/g.The PAHs with more than 4 rings were the main pollutants.The individual pollutants were mainly Phe,Phe,Fla,Pyr,Baa,Chr,Bkf,Bap,Bgp and I1p.The contents were closely related with direction of the prevailing winds of the year.It could be predicted that the discharge of the gas pollutant was the main source of PAHs in the soil within the research area.The descending of the atmosphere probably resulted in PAHs pollution in the research area.Besides,the outflow of surface water,the discharge of solid wastes and the burning of coal all might lead to the higher residues of PAHs in soil in some of samples.The results also showed that the total content of high ringed PAHs in soil samples was decreased with the distance of the main pollution sources,while the degree of pollution decreased when samples in the south district were further analyzed.Based on the characteristics of source profile of PAHs,sources of PAHs in different parts of soil samples were compared and deeply discussed by use of all kinds of parameters,such as molecular weight dominance,relative abundance of rings,characteristics index,and so on.It was inferred that PAHs pollution was caused by fossil burning at different degree.Coking plant inside the steel mill was one of the most important sources in the area.