Efflorescence relative humidity of airborne sodium chloride particles: A theoretical investigation |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576 Singapore, Singapore;2. Division of Environmental Science & Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive 1, National University of Singapore, 117576 Singapore, Singapore;1. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire (IRSN, PRP-ENV/SERIS), Laboratoire de Radioécologie, de Cherbourg-Octeville, rue Max Pol Fouchet, BP10, 50130 Cherbourg-Octeville, France;2. L''UNAM, Institut de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques de la Ville, IRSTV FR CNRS 2488, 44321 Nantes cedex 3, France;3. Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment, 44323 Nantes cedex 3, France;4. L''UNAM université, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Energétique et Environnement Atmosphérique, LHEEA UMR CNRS 6598, 44321 Nantes cedex 3, France;1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;3. William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratoryand Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;5. Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;1. The Institute of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80217, USA |
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| Abstract: | The previously developed theoretical model Gao, Y., Chen, S.B., Yu, L.E., 2006. Efflorescence relative humidity for ammonium sulfate particles. Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 110, 7602–7608], which has successfully predicted the efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) of ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) particles at room temperature, is employed to estimate the ERH of sodium chloride (NaCl) particles in sizes ranging from 6 nm to 20 μm. The theoretical predictions well agree with the reported experimental data in literatures. When the NaCl particles are larger than 70 nm, the ERH decreases with decreasing dry particle sizes, and reach a minimum around 44% RH, otherwise the ERH increases with decreasing dry particle sizes (<70 nm) because of the Kelvin effect. Compared with (NH4)2SO4 particles, the Kelvin effect on ERH is stronger for NaCl particles smaller than 30 nm, while the dry particle size exerts weaker influence on NaCl particles larger than 70 nm. |
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