An analysis on abnormally low ozone in the upper troposphere over subtropical East Asia in spring 2004 |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;2. Hong Kong Observatory, Hong Kong, China;1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2. Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction, Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China;3. Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing 210036, China;4. Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;5. Hong Kong Observatory, Hong Kong, China;1. Atmospheric Research Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, Hong Kong;2. Division of Environment, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong;3. Department of Mathematics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong;5. Hong Kong Observatory, Hong Kong;6. Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong |
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| Abstract: | Abnormally low ozone (O3) mixing ratios were observed by electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesondes in the upper troposphere over subtropical East Asia in spring 2004, a season when high tropospheric O3 is usually observed in the region. Low O3 with a lowest mixing ratio of 13 ppbv, less than a fourth of the respective seasonal average of 60–100 ppbv, was observed at 11–18 km above ground over Hong Kong (22.31°N, 114.17°E), Sanya (18.23°N, 109.52°E) and Taipei (24.98°N, 121.43°E). The origin of the low O3 was investigated using meteorological evidence, satellite imagery and three-dimensional backward air trajectory. We found for the first time that the low O3 resulted from deep convective pumping of low O3 maritime air masses near the center of typhoon Sudal from the boundary layer of the tropical region to the east of the Philippines to the upper troposphere. The low O3 air masses were then transported to the higher latitudes far ahead of the typhoon following the long-range transport driven by the circulations associated with the typhoon and the northern Hadley cell. The findings of this study highlight that more research efforts are needed to understand the effect of the circulation associated with tropical cyclones on the distribution and budget of O3 and other trace gases in the troposphere. |
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