Predicting personal exposure to airborne carbonyls using residential measurements and time/activity data |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Joint Graduate Program in Exposure Assessment, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey and University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ), 170 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;2. Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, UMDNJ and Rutgers University, Piscataway, 170 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;3. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 401 E. State Street, P.O. Box 409, Trenton, NJ 08625, USA;4. Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, P.O. Box 20186, Houston, TX 77225, USA;5. Integrated Environmental Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA;1. Faculty of Medicine and Biosciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland;2. Cancer Epidemiology Unit, NDPH, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK;3. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland;4. UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland;5. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;6. Tampere Center for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland;7. Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Helsinki, Finland;1. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA;3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China;1. International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Nils Koppels Allé 402, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark;2. Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen, Denmark;3. Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark;4. Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;1. British Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK;2. Department for Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;3. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand |
| |
| Abstract: | As a part of the Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) study, 48 h integrated residential indoor, outdoor, and personal exposure concentrations of 10 carbonyls were simultaneously measured in 234 homes selected from three US cities using the Passive Aldehydes and Ketones Samplers (PAKS). In this paper, we examine the feasibility of using residential indoor concentrations to predict personal exposures to carbonyls. Based on paired t-tests, the means of indoor concentrations were not different from those of personal exposure concentrations for eight out of the 10 measured carbonyls, indicating indoor carbonyls concentrations, in general, well predicted the central tendency of personal exposure concentrations. In a linear regression model, indoor concentrations explained 47%, 55%, and 65% of personal exposure variance for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and hexaldehyde, respectively. The predictability of indoor concentrations on cross-individual variability in personal exposure for the other carbonyls was poorer, explaining<20% of variance for acetone, acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and glyoxal. A factor analysis, coupled with multiple linear regression analyses, was also performed to examine the impact of human activities on personal exposure concentrations. It was found that activities related to driving a vehicle and performing yard work had significant impacts on personal exposures to a few carbonyls. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
