Effect of shoreline meteorological measurements on NOAA Buoy model prediction of coastal air–sea gas transfer |
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| Institution: | 2. College of Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;3. College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;1. UMR ESPACE 7300 CNRS, Avignon University, Campus Hannah Arendt, Site Sainte Marthe, Bâtiment nord - 1E29, 74 rue Louis Pasteur, 84000 Avignon, France;2. UMR 1114 INRAE/Avignon University, EMMAH, Avignon, France;1. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia;2. NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Level 14, 59-61 Goulburn Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia;1. LETG-Brest GEOMER, UMR6554 CNRS IUEM-Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Technopole Brest-Iroise, rue Dumont d’Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France;2. Université Laval, Ecole supérieure d''aménagement du territoire et de développement régional, Pavillon Félix-Antoine-Savard, 2325, rue des bibliothèques, Québec, Québec, Canada;1. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. School of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center for the South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;1. Environment Municipal Company of Cascais (Cascais Ambiente), Complexo Multiserviços, Estrada de Manique no. 1830, 2645-550, Alcabideche, Portugal;2. Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal;3. Universidade Aberta, Rua Escola Politécnica, no. 147, 1269-001, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | The NOAA Buoy model is currently used to estimate the air–sea transfer rates of highly soluble gases over coastal water bodies, such as Tampa Bay, using offshore meteorological measurements. Since a goal of the BRACE study was to improve estimates of nitrogen deposition over Tampa Bay, our objective was to investigate if the model accurately predicts gas transfer when shoreline input data are used in lieu of offshore measurements. To accomplish this objective, we compared over-water measurements of sensible heat with NOAA Buoy model predictions using both offshore and shoreline meteorology. In the summer months, the apparent daytime influence of land surface heating on air temperature produces a higher air than water temperature at the shoreline. For the NOAA Buoy model, this yields stable atmospheric conditions and thus under-predicts the over-water exchange rates for a shallow estuary. If the data records are removed from the model for periods when air temperature is 4.8 K greater than the water temperature, the shoreline and over-water transfer rates are in reasonable agreement. |
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