基于人口分布与土地利用关系的人口数据空间化研究——以西藏自治区为例

土地是人与自然相互作用的产物,人口分布与土地利用具有非常密切的关系。根据1999年全国市县统计人口数据与各市县土地利用类型指数的相关性分析,发现各市县平均人口密度与各市县各类土地利用指数的复相关系数为0.82,在西藏、青海和海南3省区,复相关系数均达到0.99。以西藏自治区为例,根据市县人口密度与土地利用指数及数字高程的相关关系建立了人口数据空间化模型,并计算出西藏自治区1km×1km分辨率的栅格人口数据。在被选作验证区的3县37个乡镇中,用模型计算出的各乡镇人口密度与各乡镇的实际人口密度的相关系数为0.88。因此,土地利用信息是进行市县级人口统计数据空间化的重要参数,利用土地利用与人口分布之间客观存在的关系可以进行市县级人口统计数据的空间化。

Study on spatialization of population census data based on relationship between population distribution and land use --Taking Tibet as an example

Land is an outcome affected mutually by human being and natural world.There exits a very close relationship between population distribution and land use.Through multi-variables regression analysis with statistical population data and various land use indexes at county level in China in1999,it was found that there was a co-relationship of multiple ratio=0.82between mean population densities and12land use indexes for the overwhelming majority administrative divisions at county level.And in Tibet autonomous region,Qinghai and Hainan provinces,the multiple ratios reached to0.99respectively.With the model of population distribution-land use and DEM,which was established by means of multiple variables regression analysis,a rasterized population dataset for Tibet autonomous region with a resolution of one kilometer by one kilometer was calculated.The dataset not only keeps consistence with statistical population at county level but also reflects change of population distribution inside a county.For the37townships in3counties in Tibet,which were selected to test and verify the model,there was a co-relationship of ratio=0.88between the townships’actual population densities and calculated population densities by the model.Therefore,land use is a very important parameter for spatialization of statistical population data.The relationship model between population densities and land use index can be applied to spatialization of statistical population.