基于SNADPR作用的复合式人工快速渗滤系统的运行性能及微生物学特征

将基于亚硝化的全程自养脱氮(CANON)作用的人工快速渗滤(CRI)装置与反硝化除磷(DPR)型CRI装置耦合为基于同步短程硝化、厌氧氨氧化、反硝化和反硝化除磷(SNADPR)作用的复合式人工快速渗滤(H-CRI)系统，探究了其运行性能及微生物学特征。当H-CRI系统按照内循环潮汐流模式连续运行时，反应装置在水力负荷为0.18 m3·(m2·d)−1的条件下对生活污水中有机物、TN、$ {rm{N}}{{rm{H}}_4^ +} $-N和TP的去除率分别可达(94.39±1.32)%、(97.87±0.43)%、(99.00±0.32)%和(95.96±2.79)%。其中，CANON反应与生物蓄磷作用分别是系统脱氮除磷的主要途径，两者去除的氮磷量分别占H-CRI系统脱氮除磷总量的(72.13±6.12)%和(82.29±5.58)%。结合分子生物学实验结果可知，适宜的耦合模式有助于实现H-CRI系统中好氧氨氧化微生物、厌氧氨氧化菌、反硝化菌和聚磷菌群的有效协作，进而可促进SNADPR反应体系在其中形成并强化，实现对生活污水中有机物及氮磷元素的高效同步去除。

Study on the operation performance and microbiological characteristics of a hybrid constructed rapid infiltration system utilizing the SNADPR process

This study was conducted to explore the operation performance and associated microbiological characteristics of a hybrid constructed rapid infiltration (H-CRI) system utilizing the simultaneous partial nitrification, ANAMMOX, denitrification, and denitrifying phosphorus removal (SNADPR) process, which was composed of a constructed rapid infiltration (CRI) device utilizing the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process and a CRI device with the denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) process. The results showed that, as the H-CRI system was operated according to the internal circulation tidal flow operation mode, the average removal efficiencies of organics, TN, $ {rm{N}}{{rm{H}}_4^ +} $-N, and TP by the coupling device could reach (94.39±1.32)%, (97.87±0.43)%, (99.00±0.32)%, and (95.96±2.79)% at the hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 0.18 m3·(m2·d)−1, respectively. Regarding the coupling system, the CANON process and luxury phosphorus uptake by PAOs were the main pathways in nitrogen and phosphorus removal, which accounted for (72.13±6.12)% and (82.29±5.58)% of total nitrogen and phosphorus removal, respectively. In combination with the results of experiments of the molecular biology, the appropriate coupling mode could be conducive to the effective collaboration among four functional microbes [namely aerobic ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB), denitrifying bacteria, and polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs)] in the H-CRI system when treating domestic sewage, then promoted the formation and reinforcement of the SNADPR process, which resulted in the simultaneous efficient removal of organics, nitrogen, and phosphorus by the system.