东湖表层水体中全氟辛酸和全氟辛磺酸空间分布特征

研究了东湖表层水体中全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛磺酸(PFOS)的含量及空间分布特征,总量范围为31.1～237ng.L-1,几何平均值为115 ng.L-1,表明整个湖区受到不同程度的PFOS和PFOA污染.全部水样均检出了PFOS和PFOA,峰值达到132和158 ng.L-1,几何平均值分别为60.4和55.0 ng.L-1.湖区东部污染最严重,其次是湖区南部,湖区北部和西部污染程度相对较轻.与PFOS相比,高浓度PFOA分布相对分散,PFOS和PFOA含量之间无显著相关性,表明东湖表层水体中PFOS和PFOA属于多源输入.30个(63%)取样点上PFOS含量超过可能对水生生态系统产生影响的临界数值(43 ng.L-1),20个(42%)取样点上PFOA含量超过美国新泽西洲制定的饮用水标准(40 ng.L-1).

Spatial Distribution of Perfluorooctanoic Acids and Perfluorinate Sulphonates in Surface Water of East Lake

Concentrations and spatial distribution of PFOS and PFOA in surface water from East Lake in Wuhan, Hubei, China were studied. The total concentration of PFCs ranged from 31.1 to 237 ng ·L^-1, and the mean value was 115 ng ·L^-1, revealing lake-wide contamination in East Lake. PFOS and PFOA were detected in all samples with maximum values of 132 ng ·L^-1 and 158 ng ·L^-1, respectively, whereas the mean values of PFOS and PFOA were 60.4 and 55.0 ng ·L^-1, respectively. The highest concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were found in the eastern area of lake, followed by the southern area of lake, and the western and northern areas of East Lake were the least contaminated regions. The specific distribution and composition profile of PFOS and PFOA, and the lack of significant correlation between PFOS and PFOA, suggested that there were various sources of PFCs. The PFOS concentrations at 30 sample sites (63%) were greater than 43 ng ·L^-1, which was used to estimate an avian wildlife value for PFOS. The PFOA concentrations at 20 sample sites (42%) were greater than 40 ng ·L^-1, which was a health-based guidance level recommended by the State of New Jersey for PFOA.