强化混凝对腐殖酸和富里酸去除对比研究

以腐殖酸和富里酸为研究对象,考察了硫酸铝、三氯化铁、聚合氯化铝和聚合氯化铁这4种混凝剂的强化混凝效果,并研究了pH、浊度及Ca2+、腐殖酸和富里酸相对含量对强化混凝的影响.结果表明,4种混凝剂对腐殖酸的去除效果要高于富里酸,三氯化铁和硫酸铝比聚合氯化铝和聚合氯化铁具有更好的混凝效果,在混凝剂投量为40 mg.L-1时,三氯化铁、硫酸铝、聚合氯化铁和聚合氯化铝混凝后可将水样中富里酸浓度由10 mg.L-1分别降为3.22、4.34、5.85和4.86 mg.L-1,而腐殖酸浓度可分别降至1.13、2.13、3.44和2.50 mg.L-1.三氯化铁和硫酸铝强化混凝的最佳pH为5.5～6.5,在其它pH范围强化混凝效果降低;水样中有机物浓度越高,混凝效果越差,富里酸/腐殖酸>0.4后混凝效果明显变差.浊度对混凝剂去除有机物的影响较小,Ca2+浓度的增加可提高腐殖酸和富里酸的去除效果.

Comparison Study of Enhanced Coagulation on Humic Acid and Fulvic Acid Removal

Enhanced coagulation effects of four coagulants, such as aluminium sulfate, ferric chloride, aluminium polychloride and poly-ferric chloride, were examined, with an emphasis on pH, turbidity, Ca⁺ and relative contents of humic acid and fulvic acid. The result showed that the removal efficiency of four kinds of coagulant for humic acid was higher than that for fulvic acid. Compared with aluminium polychloride and poly-ferric chloride, aluminium sulfate and ferric chloride possessed a better coagulation effect. At the coagulant dosage of 40 mg ·L^-1, ferric chloride, aluminium sulfate, poly-ferric chloride and aluminium polychloride removed fulvic acid from 10 mg ·L^-1to 3.22 mg ·L^-1, 4.34 mg ·L^-1, 5.85 mg ·L^-1 and 4.86mg ·L^-1 respectively, while the four coagulants removed humic acid from 10mg ·L^-1 to 1.13 mg ·L^-1, 2.13 mg ·L^-1, 3.44 mg ·L^-1 and 2.50 mg ·L^-1respectively in water. At pH between 5.5 and 6.5, aluminium sulfate and ferric chloride had the best coagulation effect. The coagulant had the lower efficiency with increase of organic carbon in water. Especially, the content ratio of fulvic acid and humic acid was above 0.4, the coagulation effect markedly decreased. Turbidity has a little influence on organic carbon removal rate. With the concentration of Ca²⁺, the removal efficiency of humic acid and fulvic acid increased.