北京市场水性建筑涂料VOCs成分及含量分析

为获取北京地区水性建筑涂料挥发性有机物含量和成分谱，从北京市4个较大的建材市场取用水性建筑内外墙涂料各20种，共计40个样品进行测试分析。样品预处理采用超声波萃取法，以乙腈为萃取剂，通过正交实验确定了VOCs样品预处理的中硫酸钠使用量、超声波萃取时间和离心机转速的最佳条件。以22种VOCs作为标准物质使用GC-FID对样品进行测试，采用外标法定量，获得了水性建筑内外墙涂料的VOCs含量以及组分分布特征。结果显示，水性内墙涂料VOCs含量为282.85~12 814.40 mg·kg-1，乙二醇和1，2丙二醇为主要VOCs组分，含量分别为174.39~11 395.47 mg·kg-1和759.08~6 283.77 mg·kg-1，占比分别为2.60%~96.73%和10.96%~90.79%。水性外墙涂料含量为766.11~73 479.74 mg·kg-1，乙二醇、乙二醇单丁醚、二乙二醇等含量较高，含量分别为255.28~14 172.62、503.31~16 039.12和37.81~32 291.22 mg·kg-1，占比分别为4.53%~98.49%、1.3%~61.98%和0.24%~45.90%。

VOCs composition and content analysis of waterborne architectural coatings in Beijing market

To acquire the VOC content and composition of water-borne architectural coatings in Beijing,40 coating samples were tested,including 20 kinds of interior wall coatings and 20 kinds of exterior architectural coatings. Ultrasonic extraction was employed with acetonitrile as extractant. An orthogonal was designed to confirm optimum conditions,including dosage of sodium sulfate,extraction time,and centrifuge speeds. VOCs samples were analyzed by GC-FID with 22 kinds of VOCs species taken as standard materials. VOCs contents and the characteristics of VOCs compositions of architectural coatings were acquired by an external standard method. VOCs contents of water-borne interior wall coatings ranged from 282.85 to 12 814.40 mg·kg-1. Ethanediol and 1,2-propylene glycol were the dominant components of VOC species of water-borne interior wall coatings with contents of 174.39 to 11 395.47 mg·kg-1 and 759.08 to 6 283.77 mg·kg-1,respectively,accounting for 2.60% to 96.73% and 10.96% to 90.79% of total VOCs,respectively. As for water-borne exterior wall coatings,the VOCs content ranged from 766.11 to 73 479.74 mg·kg-1. Ethanediol,butyl cellosolve,and diethylene glycol accounted for 4.53% to 98.49%,1.3% to 61.98%,and 0.24% to 45.90%,respectively,of total VOCs,with their contents being from 255.28 to 14 172.62 mg·kg-1,503.31 to 16 039.12 mg·kg-1,and 37.81 to 32 291.22 mg·kg-1,respectively.