自养脱氮污泥的亚硝化活性恢复策略

为考察自养脱氮污泥亚硝化活性快速恢复的策略，在3个反应器内分别采用不同的方法对经过长期冷冻保存后的污泥进行了恢复活性的研究.其中R1为MBR(膜生物反应器)，采用低ρ(DO)(0.30 mg/L)连续流恢复策略；R2为SBR(序批式反应器)，采用低ρ(DO)(0.30 mg/L)间歇流恢复策略；R3为SBR，采用低ρ(NH₄+-N)预培养-高曝气-低ρ(DO)运行三阶段的恢复策略.结果表明，R1的恢复时间为46 d，NH₄+-N氧化速率达到4.99 mg/(h·g)(以N计)，最终ρ(MLSS)达到5.43 g/L；R2的恢复时间为39 d，NH₄+-N氧化速率达到4.61 mg/(h·g)，最终ρ(MLSS)达到4.47 g/L；R3的恢复时间为48 d，NH₄+-N氧化速率达到5.64 mg/(h·g)，最终ρ(MLSS)达到5.16 g/L. 3个反应器均能长期抑制亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的活性，使亚硝化稳定运行. 3个反应器中，R3恢复所需时间最长，但污泥活性最好; R1中的污泥活性较低，但是膜组件有效截留了污泥，达到了最高的ρ(MLSS).研究显示，通过厌氧预培养后转为膜生物反应器连续流运行的策略，可有助于污泥的极大保留及污泥活性的最大恢复. 

Strategy for Recovering the Partial Nitrification Activity of Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Sludge

Abstract: In order to investigate a recovery strategy for the partial nitrification (PN) activity in autotrophic nitrogen removal sludge, three reactors were adopted in this study. R1 was operated under low DO (0.30 mg/L) and high pH (7.8) conditions in a continuous membrane bioreactor; R2 was operated under low DO (0.30 mg/L) condition in a sequencing batch rector; and R3 was operated under the conditions of anoxic-high DO-low DO (0.30 mg/L) in a sequencing batch reactor. The results showed that the recovery periods for R1, R2 and R3 were 46 d, 39 d and 48 d, respectively. The ammonia oxidation rates for the three reactors were 4.99,4.61 and 5.64 mg/(h·g), and the final concentrations of mixed liquid suspended solids were 5.43,4.47 and 5.16 g/L, respectively. The nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were completely suppressed in all the three reactors, which was profitable for the stability of the PN reactor. The recovery in R3 took the longest time but got a best microbial activity, while R2 enabled the highest sludge concentration. Therefore, the strategy of combining pre-cultivation under anaerobic condition with membrane bioreactor under low DO condition was favorable for recovering the PN bioactivity of autotrophic nitrogen removal sludge.