沙柳活性炭纤维的制备与表征

以（NH4）2HPO4活化沙柳纤维制备活性炭纤维，L16（45）正交实验优化制备工艺条件，重点研究了活化温度对活性炭纤维结构的影响。同时应用扫描电镜（SEM）对其表面形貌进行表征，通过N2吸附-脱附测定其孔结构。结果表明，随着活化温度的升高，活性炭得率逐渐减小，碘吸附值先增大后减小，在浸渍比2.5：1、预氧化温度200℃、预氧化时间90 min、活化温度为800℃、活化时间60 min的条件下，可以制备出比表面积为1 304 m2·g-1、总孔容为1.004 cm3·g-1、得率为31.6%、碘吸附值为1 321 mg·g-1的纤维状活性炭。

Preparation and characterization of salix psammophila-based activated carbon fibers

Activated carbon fibers based on the willow Salix psammophila via orthogonal experiments of L16(45) were prepared by (NH4)2HPO4 activation to optimize the preparation process. The influence of activation temperature on the activated carbon structure was investigated. The surface morphology and pore structure of the activated carbon fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N2 adsorption-desorption. The results showed that the yield of activated carbon fibers increased, and that the iodine adsorption of the activated carbon first increased;then decreased, with increase of the temperature. The specific surface area, total pore volume, yield, and iodine adsorption of the activated carbon fibers were 1 304 m2·g-1, 1.004 cm3·g-1, 31.6%, and 1 321 mg·g-1, respectively. Here, the ratio of (NH4)2HPO4 to Salix psammophila, preoxidation temperature, preoxidation time, activation temperature and activation time were 2.5, 200℃, 90 min, 800℃ and 60 min, respectively.