5类典型土壤对村镇生活垃圾渗滤液的吸附特征

选取我国5类典型土壤进行村镇生活垃圾渗滤液的静态吸附实验，研究它们对渗滤液中COD和NH3-N的吸附能力。研究结果表明，在室温25℃下进行静态吸附实验，5类土壤对渗滤液中COD吸附性能方面呈现湖北黄棕土 > 黑龙江黑土 > 甘肃黄棉土 > 上海水稻土 > 重庆紫土，对渗滤液中NH3-N吸附能力表现为：黑龙江黑土 > 重庆紫土 > 湖北黄棕土 > 上海水稻土 > 甘肃黄绵土。5类土壤对COD和NH3-N的吸附平衡时间均为48 h。土壤中的颗粒物表面上的吸附量与溶液中溶质的平衡浓度之间采取Freundlich方程进行拟合较Langmuir方程拟合理想，通过Langmuir方程得到对COD的最大理论吸附吸附量排序为黄棕土 > 黑土 > 水稻土 > 黄棉土 > 紫土，对NH3-N的最大理论吸附量排序为黑土>紫土>黄棕土>水稻土>黄棉土。

Five kind soils' static adsorption capacity to rural living garbage leachate

In this study, five kinds of soil typical in China were selected to analyze their ability for static adsorption of COD and NH3-N in leachate from a rural, open, garbage stockpile. A static adsorption experiment was carried out at room temperature (25℃). We found that the order of adsorption ability of the five kinds of soil for COD was (from high to low):Hubei Yellow Brown soil, Heilongjiang Black soil, Gansu Huang Mian soil, Shanghai Rice soil, and Chongqing Purple soil. The order of adsorption ability for NH3-N in the leachate was (from strong to weak):Heilongjiang Black soil, Chongqing Purple soil, Hubei Yellow Brown soil, Shanghai Rice soil, and Gansu Huang Mian soil. These five kinds of soil reached COD and NH3-N adsorption equilibrium (both) in 48 hours. The Freundlich equation was a better fit with the amount of adsorption on the soil particulate-matter surface and the balance solute concentration, than was the Langmuir equation. When we calculated the maximum adsorption quantity of COD using the Langmuir equation, the soil adsorption ability order was:Yellow Brown soil > Black soil > Rice soil > Huang Mian soil > Purple soil. When considering the NH3-N adsorption quantity per kilogram, the soil order was:Black soil > Purple soil > Yellow Brown soil > Rice soil > Huang Mian soil.