湖南城乡居民虚拟水消费结构及其用水效率评价

运用水足迹方法,根据2000—2008年的统计资料,对湖南省城乡居民虚拟水消费结构和城乡居民用水效率进行综合评价。结果表明,近年来湖南省总水足迹和人均水足迹均呈下降趋势;城镇居民虚拟水消费结构多样性指数值高于农村,城镇居民消费观念和消费模式更为合理;虚拟水消费结构多样性指数整体呈上升趋势,居民消费结构逐渐转向多元化;社会水资源稀缺指数不高,水资源利用还有较大空间,利用效率有了明显提高。

Assessment of Virtual Water Consumption Structure and Water Efficiency in Urban and Rural Residents of Hunan

According to the statistics from 2002 to 2008, the authors used water footprint as research methods to conduct a comprehensive assessment of virtual water consumption structure and water use efficiency in urban and rural residents of Hunan Province. The results indicated that the total of water footprint and the per capita of water footprint was slowly decreasing during 2000 to 2008 in Hunan Province. The average of diversity index of virtual water consumption structure in urban was higher than that in rural areas, showing that the consumer attitudes and patterns of urban residents was more reasonable. As a whole, the diversity index of consumption structure was an upward trend, indicating that the consumption structure diversities from a single gradually. The social water scarcity index indicated that there was a large space for water use and the water efficiency improved significantly.