受偿意愿在确定生态补偿标准上下限中的作用

受偿意愿（WTA）是制定生态补偿标准的常用依据之一，能否正确使用WTA对于制定合理的补偿标准具有重要影响.本文梳理了国内近12a的相关文献，发现在WTA应作为生态补偿标准的上限还是下限问题上尚无定论，尽管大多数研究将WTA作为补偿标准下限，但背后的逻辑并不严谨.本文认为生态补偿标准制定过程可视为受偿方和支付方的讨价还价过程，因此WTA实际上是受偿方的出价，应作为补偿标准上限.另外，本文从WTA、支付意愿（WTP）是区间的角度进行分析，判断补偿标准可取的范围，发现当调查得到的WTA大于WTP时，仍存在谈成的可能性；当调查得到的WTA小于WTP时，实际达成空间大于表面达成空间，决策者拥有更大的选择空间.

The role of willingness to accept in determining the upper or lower limit of eco-compensation standard

Willingness to accept (WTA) is one of the common methods to calculate eco-compensation standards. Proper use of WTA method is very critical to reaching the reasonable eco-compensation standards. This study reviewed studies published in Chinese domestic journals associated with WTA during the last 12 years, and found that there was no consensus on whether WTA should be regarded as the upper or lower limit of eco-compensation standards. While the majority of the literature acknowledged that assuming WTA as the lower limit of the compensation standard was not logically rigorous, this article argued that the process of establishing eco-compensation standards can be regarded as a bargaining process between the payee and the payer and the WTA is actually the bid value of the payee. Therefore it should be used as the upper limit of the eco-compensation standard. In addition, it was found that the acceptable range of eco-compensation standards on the basis that WTA and WTP not be a precise amount but an imprecision interval. When the WTA was higher than WTP, there was still possibility for negotiation success; otherwise, the actual eco-compensation standards had wider range and the policy maker had more flexibility for decision.