京津冀生态屏障区人类活动对生态安全的影响

使用 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)和 InVEST(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs)模型分别模拟计算了滦河和潮河流域水源涵养、面源污染、干旱特征和生境质量等指标,在此基础上使用压力-状态-响应(...

The impacts of human activities on ecological security in the ecological barrier zone in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Water conservation, non-point source pollution and ecological quality indices of the Luanhe and Chaohe river basin were analysed using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) model, respectively. Based on the results, the basin ecological security evaluation indices system (PSR model) was established to assess the ecological security in the region. The PSR model was constructed on the sub-basin scale and was focused on the impact of human activities on ecological security, such as non-point source pollution, habitat quality and land use characteristics. The impacts of each index on ecological security were identified in this study. The results showed that in 2010 and 2015, the values of the comprehensive index of ecological security were 0.50 and 0.48, respectively. The ecological security in 2010 and 2015 were both at sensitive level. The overall ecosystem of the study area was stable. However, the ecological security pattern demonstrated spatial heterogeneity. Human activities such as non-point source pollution and urban expansion had a more obvious impact on ecological security. The impacts of forest and grassland impact on ecological securitiy were relatively low, which showed that the ecosystem might be related to planting structure and landscape pattern to some extent. Specifically, the water conservation value increased, and the habitat scarcity value decreased in the response level, which indicated that increasing water conservation capacity and reducing habitat scarcity were the key and effective measures to improve ecological security level.