温度与营养盐耐受藻种筛选及其群落氮磷去除研究

为筛选出能适应不同温度与营养条件的污水处理优势藻种，探究其混合培养所形成微藻群落的污水处理效果，本文在实验室条件下，选择淡水小球藻、斜生栅藻、菱形藻、莱茵衣藻和小环藻，设置10，20，30℃ 3种不同温度，3种不同营养条件，TN、TP浓度分别为8.40与1.97mg/L，12.97与5.70mg/L，60.22与18.19mg/L，筛选出3种在不同温度和营养条件下耐受性和氮磷去除效果较好的优势藻种.进一步将筛选出的优势藻种分别进行藻类群落搭配，基于不同藻类群落对于人工废水中氮磷污染物的去除效果与稳定性确定优势藻种群落.结果表明：在3种不同温度下，小环藻和菱形藻的生长状况较稳定且氮磷去除率一般为80%以上；在3种不同的营养状况下，仅有斜生栅藻的生长速率和氮磷去除率较高，斜生栅藻、菱形藻与小环藻具有更好的环境耐受性与去除率.将上述3种藻分别进行群落搭配组合，发现菱形藻和小环藻的群落组合对TN和TP的去除率一般在80%～90%左右，没有异常变化；斜生栅藻、菱形藻与小环藻的群落组合生长状况较稳定.

Screening of algal based on temperature and nutrient fluctuation tolerance and its community nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate

Aiming at screening out the dominant algae species which can adapt to different temperatures and nutritional conditions, exploring the sewage treatment effect of microalgae community formed by their mixed culture, under the laboratory conditions, Chlorella sp., Scendesmus obliquus, Nitzschia sp., Chlamydomonas reinhardti and Cyclotella sp. were selected, at three different temperatures of 10, 20 and 30℃ and three different nutritional conditions, with TN and TP concentrations of 8.40 and 1.97 mg/L, 12.97 and 5.70mg/L, 60.22 mg/L and 18.19mg/L respectively. Three dominant algal species featuring good tolerance as well as removal of nitrogen and phosphorus at different temperatures and nutrients were screened. The dominant algal species were further selected for algal community collocation. Based on the removal effect and stability of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in artificial waste-water by different algal communities, the dominant algal communities were determined. The results showed that at three different temperatures, the growth condition of Cyclotella sp. and Nitzschia sp. was stable and the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus was generally over 80%; In three different nutritional conditions, only the growth rate and removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus of Scendesmus obliquus was higher. To sum up, the environmental tolerance and removal rate of Scendesmus obliquus, Nitzschia sp. and Cyclotella sp. were better. The above three algae were combined with each other. The removal rate of TN and TP was about 80% and 90% by the community combination of Nitzschia sp. and Cyclotella sp., there was no abnormal changes; The growth of the communities of Scendesmus obliquus, Nitzschia sp. And Cyclotella sp.was stable.