国家生产安全应急救援体系分级响应和救援程序探讨

应急救援的响应机制是国家生产安全应急体系运行的重要基础 ,是保证应急救援活动快速、有效的技术关键。应依据生产安全事故的预期后果、影响范围、事态控制和事件的性质 ,实行预备 (Ⅰ级 )、专业启动(Ⅱ级 )和国家启动 (Ⅲ级 )三级响应机制。在各级应急组织制定和实施通用的应急响应程序 ,使应急反应的接警、启动、救援实施、事态控制、应急恢复 ,直到应急结束的全过程实现程序化和标准化。同时还应建立应急救援演练与评审改进机制 ,以评价应急体系的能力 ,检验应急预案的实效性 ,持续改进 ,不断完善 ,以提高整体应急水平。

Probe into Response at Different Level and Rescue Procedure of National Emergency Response System for Work Safety

The response mechanism of emergency response system is the important foundation for the sound operation of work safety, which is the key technical element to guarantee the quick and effective actions. Based on the anticipated outcome and scope affected by the accident, and the control status and the nature of the accident, three levels of response are classified, namely Preparedness (level 1), Professional (level 2), and National (level 3). Emergency response system at different level should develop and implement the generalized response procedure, and standardize the whole response process, from alert, activation, operation, status control, restoring, and to the end of the action. It is also necessary to set up drill and appraisal mechanism to ensure the capability of the emergency response system, to test the practicability of the response protocol, to improve sustainedly, and to perfect continuously so as to raise the comprehensive level of the whole system.