粮食主产区种植业生态经济系统投入产出能值空间差异与态势研究——以河北省为例

为了揭示粮食主产区种植业生态经济系统能值投入与产出的空间格局特征,促进传统农业向生态型农业转变,论文以国家粮食主产区河北省为研究区域,基于能值理论与空间分析技术,估算了河北省138个县种植业主要投入产出能值指标,从地理学视角上,重点探讨各项能值指标的空间格局差异与分布趋势。研究结果显示:①河北省种植业生态经济系统投入与产出各项能值指标具有明显的空间地域特征,其区域空间分布地理特征差异显著;②能值投入率(EIR)高值区主要分布在石家庄-唐山-秦皇岛地区,平均值15.81,区域差异相对较大;③能值产出率(EYR)高值区主要分布在邢台-邯郸的东南部地区;④县级层次上有机能能值(F_R)、能值投入功率(EmPower)、能值产出功率(IEmPower)等种植业投入产出指标在省域范围内呈现出"U"型、倒"U"型、一阶型等空间分布趋势。在科学分析区域植业生态经济系统投入产出能值空间差异特点的基础上,提出了规模化经营、种植业结构科学调整等提高能值利用效率的建议与措施。

Spatial Differences and Trend of Emergy Input and Output Indices of Planting Eco-economic System in Major Grain Producing Area: A Case of Hebei Province

In order to reveal the spatial pattern of characteristics of major grain producing areas planting eco-economic system input and output emergy,and promote the changes from traditional agriculture to ecological agriculture,this paper has taken the state grain-producing area—Hebei Province as a study area.Based on emergy theory and spatial analysis techniques,it estimated the main input-output emergy indices of plantation industry of the 138 counties in Hebei Province.From the perspective of geography,this paper focused on the differences of spatial pattern of every emergy indicator and distribution trend.The results show: 1) The input and output emergy indices of planting eco-economic system showed significant geographical features.2) The high value of emergy investment ratio(EIR) was mainly distributed in Shijiazhuang-Tangshan-Qinhuangdao,averaging 15.81,which showed large regional differences.3) The high values of energy yield ratio(EYR) mainly distributed in the Xingtai and southeastern part of Handan,with coefficient of variation being 0.820.4) The input and output emergy indices of planting eco-economic system showed spatial distribution of "U" type,inverted "U" type,first-order type etc.Finally,based on scientific analysis of the regional plant eco-economic system input-output emergy spatial difference characteristics,suggestions and countermeasures,such as large-scale operation,scientific adjustment of cropping structure which can improve the efficiency of emergy are proposed.