西部大开发战略对于中国区域均衡发展的绩效评价

从社会经济产出、社会经济投入、人民生活水平和生态环境四个方面,选取18个相关指标,通过重心法分析西部大开发战略实施后我国区域社会经济发展格局的空间差异和时空动态演化过程,借此评价西部大开发战略的实施效果,研究发现:西部大开发战略实施以来,在中央政府财政倾斜和有关优惠政策的驱使下,西部地区的社会经济发展取得了显著的成效,区域社会经济发展不均衡的格局有所改善, 然而西部地区人民的生活水平相比东部地区而言并没有得到切实的提高,东西部差距进一步拉大。另外,西部地区发展经济特别是工业的同时,并没有有效控制环境污染,尤其是承接产业转移的时候,东部地区将一些高能耗、高污染的产业转移到西部地区,产业转移演化成了污染转移。下一阶段,政府应切实着眼于改善西部地区人民的生活水平和控制环境污染。

The Performance Evaluation of Western Development Strategy to the Regional Balanced Development of China

This paper selects four kinds of index, which include social economic output, social economic input, people’s living standard, and ecological environment, to evaluate the performance of western development strategy, by analyzing the spatial difference and temporal developing evolvement of regional social economic development pattern since the implementation of western development strategy, and using gravity method. The research shows that, the social economic development of western region obtained remarkable effect, and the unbalanced pattern of regional social economic development was improved, under the fiscal preferential policies and other preferential policies, since the implementation of western development strategy. However, compared with eastern region, the people’s living standard of western region was not improved significantly, and the gap between eastern and western region became wider. Furthermore, when the western region developed economy especially industry, the environmental pollution was not controlled effectively, especially when accepting industry transfer, eastern region transferred the industry which was high energy consumption and high pollution to western region, so the industry transfer became pollution transfer. Therefore, the government should be devoted to improving people’s living standard and controlling the environmental pollution at the next stage.