中美高等环境类专业设置比较研究

对美国高等环境类专业设置现状进行了初步调查和统计分析，并与我国高等环境类专业设置状况进行比较研究．研究表明，高等环境类专业设置存在一定的差异性，而且显示出美国高等环境类专业设置具有某些明显特点，主要表现在：专业设置种类数量多、面广且多元化；人文社会科学型专业的比例较大；设置了培养环境教育师资人才的专业；环境健康领域在专业设置中得到了高度重视；“综合型”人才培养目标在专业设置中更为突出．这些特点可以为我国高等环境类专业设置的改革和调整以及高等环境教育发展决策提供参考依据．

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS (MAJORS) OF HIGHER ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION BETWEEN CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES

In this paper,the present status of environmental programs (majors) concerning undergraduates and graduate students in US higher education was investigated, and compared with China.The comparative studies showed that there were lots of differences in setting up of environmental programs or majors between China and USA,and indicated that the setting up of environmental programs of majors in US higher education had some characteristics of follows:(1) there were many more environmental programs or majors set up at universities and colleges; (2) the ratio of environmental programs or majors concerning humanities and social sciences was higher; (3) some programs or majors concerning tranining of environmental teachers for popularized environmental education were set up; (4) much more attention was paid to the field of environmental health in setting up programs or majors; (5) the training of comprehensive personnel was more striking in US higher environmental education.Those mentioned above can provide the reference for decision makers in setting up environmental programs or majors and developing higher environmental education by the authorities of the Chinese government.