The effects of burial by sand on survival and growth of Pitcher’s thistle (Cirsium pitcheri) along lake huron |
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Authors: | M Anwar Maun Heidi Elberling Angelo D’Ulisse |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Sciences, University of Western Ontario London, N6A 5B7 Ontario, Canada;(2) Present address: Department of Genetics and Ecology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C., Denmark |
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Abstract: | Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of sand burial on survival and growth of seedlings ofCirsium pitcheri. In 1992–1993, seedlings were buried to depths of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of their height while in 1993–1994, the seedlings
were buried to depths of 0, 4 cm (single burial), 4 cm (repeated burial of 1 cm every 8 days), 8 cm (single burial) and 8
cm (repeated burial of 2 cm every 8 days). Several physiological traits, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a∶b ratio, leaf
area, number and length of leaves, number of internodes, amount of tillering, and biomass, were measured. The results showed
that all seedlings died in the complete (100%) burial, 20% died in the 75% burial and none died in the 0, 25 and 50% burial
treatments. Burial of seedlings to a depth of 25% stimulated their growth but 75% burial significantly decreased the total
dry weight. Repeated burial treatments exhibited significantly greater stimulation of growth than single burial. Surviving
seedlings grew through the sand deposit by elongating the stem and leaf petioles, increasing the number of nodes and the length
of internodes. This elongation occurred at the expense of development of the root system indicating that available energy
was re-allocated to above-ground parts. |
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Keywords: | Burial tolerance Morphological response Physiological response Seedling burial Seed mass |
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