Human dietary intake and hazard characterization for residues of neonicotinoides and organophosphorus pesticides in Egyptian honey |
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| Authors: | Yahya Al Naggar Garry Codling John P Giesy |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt;2. Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada;3. Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic;4. Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada;5. Department of Zoology, and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA;6. School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong;7. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | In two recently published reports, hazards posed by dietary exposure to organophosphate and neonicotinoid plant protection products on the European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) in Egypt were investigated. Using concentrations reported in those studies, an assessment of hazards posed by these two classes of insecticides to humans due to consumption of Egyptian honey from the Nile Delta during both spring and summer was performed. Twenty-eight compounds including metabolites were assessed for exposure of adult Egyptians based on the best- and worst-case scenarios. Even for the worst-case scenario, exposure to these two classes of pesticides in honey was 15-fold less than hazard index value of 1.0 for adverse effects on humans. Based upon this analysis, people exposed to these insecticides through consumption of honey products would be unlikely to exhibit adverse health outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Pesticides honey hazard index mixture risk assessment |
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