《巴黎协定》下自愿碳市场的运行模式及对我国的影响

制定净零排放目标的企业数量快速增长助推自愿碳市场迅猛发展。由于能够吸引私营部门资金、降低新兴技术成本、助力难减排领域的减排行动，自愿碳市场可在弥合目前的减排差距方面发挥重要作用。《巴黎协定》确定的全球温升控制目标促进了碳中和行动的广泛开展，对自愿碳市场的运行提出了新的要求。本文深入分析了自愿碳市场在新气候治理阶段中面临的机遇和挑战，识别了影响未来自愿碳市场运行的关键要素，总结了自愿碳市场的四种主要运行模式及其发展路径。同时，本文从项目开发商、需求侧企业和政府等三个层面系统分析了新形势下自愿碳市场对我国的影响并给出了对策建议。

The Future Models of Voluntary Carbon Market Under Paris Agreement and Their Impacts on China

The rapid growth in the number of companies setting net zero emission targets has boosted the rapid development of the voluntary carbon market. The voluntary carbon market can play an important role in bridging the current emission reduction gap by attracting private sector finance, reducing the cost of emerging technologies, and facilitating action in hard-to-abate areas. The global temperature control target set by the Paris Agreement has promoted the extensive implementation of carbon neutral actions, which has brought new requirements for the operation of the voluntary carbon market. This paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges of voluntary carbon market in the new phase of climate governance. The key elements that affect the future operation of the voluntary carbon market are identified, as the basis to clarify its future models and development path. This paper also analyzes the impact of the voluntary carbon market on China under the new situation from three aspects, including project developers, demand-side enterprises and the government, and puts forward countermeasures.