应用UNMIX模型解析长春市大气中PM10来源

大气中可吸入颗粒物（PM10）是影响大气能见度、气候变化以及人体健康的重要污染物,研究大气中PM10的污染来源对于了解城市中大气的污染状况和制定大气污染物防治措施具有重要的意义。选择长春市的净月公园、劳动公园、君子兰公园、体育学院、儿童公园、客车医院、工商学院和邮电学院作为受体采样点,于2011年9月至2012年2月期间,采用KC-120型中流量PM10/TSP采样器（青岛崂山应用研究所）进行大气中可吸入颗粒物PM10的采样,共采集40个受体样品。样品经预处理后,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析了样品中的Be、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mo、Ag、Cd、Sb、Ba、Tl、Pb、Na、Mg、K、Ca共19种无机元素,将经过标准化后的760个数据代入EPA UNMIX6.0软件对长春市大气中PM10进行源解析研究,其中,Min Rsq=0.89（89%的数据方差可由该模型解释）,Min Sig/Noise=2.50。结果表明：长春市大气中的PM10主要有3个来源：源1为燃煤尘或工业扬尘,贡献率为19.5%;源2为机动车尾气或土壤风沙尘,贡献率为13.1%,源3为城市综合扬尘和其他未知尘源,贡献率为67.4%。对这3个源进行相关性分析,3个源间的相关系数并不是理论值0,而是在-0.553~0.345间变化;源1和源3间相关性最大,相关系数为0.553;其次是源1与源2,为0.345。由此说明,长春市的PM10污染是多种因素综合作用的结果。将UNMIX模型的解析值与测量值进行回归分析,发现总物种的解析值与测量值间具有良好的线性正相关关系（r2=0.98）,每个物种的解析值与测量值间的相关系数为0.713~0.980,相关性强,二者拟合效果较好。

Source apportionment of atmospheric PM10 in Changchun by UNMIX

PM10is an important pollutant due to its adverse effects on visibility, climate change, and human health. To identify the regional pollution condition and develop effective control strategies to manage and maintain the urban air quality, it is important to study the pollution sources of PM10in the atmosphere. PM10 samples were collected at Jingyue Park, Labour Park, Clivia Park, sports academy, Children Park, bus hospital, business school and Post and Telecommunications College in Changchun during 2011 September to 2012 February using KC-120 PM10/TSP sampler （Application Research Institute of Laoshan Mountain in Qingdao） for the purpose to obtain the different source component and contributions of PM10. There are 40 samples were collected. After pretreatment, the samples of Be, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb, Na, Mg, K, Ca, a total of 19 kinds of inorganic elements were analyzed by ICP-MS. UNMIX method was used to qualitatively analyze the data that have standardized to study the sources of PM10in Changchun. Among them, Min Rsq=0.89 （89% of the data variance can be explained by the model）, Min Sig/Noise=2.50. The result shows that there are three main sources of PM10 in Changchun ： coal dust or industrial dust, vehicle exhaust or soil dust, the city’s comprehensive dust and other unknow dust source, the contribution rate were 19.5%, 13.1%, 67.4%, respectively. Correlation analysis was carried out on these 3 sources, the coefficient is not the theoretical value of 0, but from -0.553 to 0.345, source 1 and source 3 have the largest correlation was 0.553, followed by source 1 and source 2 for the 0.345. It shows that the PM10pollution in Changchun is the result of many factors. The predicted values of UNMIX were compared with the measured values and the result shows a linear positive correlationstatistically between the predicted values and the measured values with r2=0.98, and ther-Pearson is 0.713-0.980 for each species.