Sources and remediation techniques for mercury contaminated soil |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala 75236, Sweden;2. Waste Science and Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 97187, Sweden;1. The Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China;2. College of Resources and Environments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;1. School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China;2. Yunnan Institute of Environmental Science (Kunming China International Research Center for Plateau Lakes), Kunming 650034, PR China;3. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Mercury (Hg) in soils has increased by a factor of 3 to 10 in recent times mainly due to combustion of fossil fuels combined with long-range atmospheric transport processes. Other sources as chlor-alkali plants, gold mining and cement production can also be significant, at least locally. This paper summarizes the natural and anthropogenic sources that have contributed to the increase of Hg concentration in soil and reviews major remediation techniques and their applications to control soil Hg contamination. The focus is on soil washing, stabilisation/solidification, thermal treatment and biological techniques; but also the factors that influence Hg mobilisation in soil and therefore are crucial for evaluating and optimizing remediation techniques are discussed. Further research on bioremediation is encouraged and future study should focus on the implementation of different remediation techniques under field conditions. |
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