Adaptation to climate change of wheat growing in South Australia: Analysis of management and breeding strategies |
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| Authors: | Qunying Luo William Bellotti Martin Williams Enli Wang |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geographical and Environmental Studies, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;2. School of Agriculture & Wine, University of Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia;3. CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;1. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, P.O. Box 102, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia;2. Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF), Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia;1. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand;2. CSIRO, Toowoomba, Australia;1. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China;4. MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Lönnrotinkatu 5, Mikkeli FI-50100, Finland;1. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, ICARDA, P.O. Box 4564, 6-106 Murtazaeva Street, Tashkent, 100 000, Uzbekistan;2. Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agro Chemistry after U. U. Uspanov, Kazakhstan;3. Kyrgyz Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Kyrgyzstan;4. Ministry of Agriculture, Kyrgyzstan;5. Institute of Soil Science of Tajik Academy of Agricultural Science, Tajikistan;6. Uzbek Cotton Growing Research Institute, Uzbekistan;7. Central Asian Scientific Research Institute for Irrigation, SANIIRI, Uzbekistan |
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| Abstract: | Evaluation of adaptive management options is very crucial for successfully dealing with negative climate change impacts. Research objectives of this study were (1) to determine the proper N application rate for current practice, (2) to select a range of synthetic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to expand the existing wheat cultivar pool for adaptation purpose, (3) to quantify the potential impacts of climate change on wheat grain yield and (4) to evaluate the effectiveness of three common management options such as early sowing, changing N application rate and use of different wheat cultivars derived in (2) and given in the APSIM-Wheat model package in dealing with the projected negative impacts for Keith, South Australia. The APSIM-Wheat model was used to achieve these objectives. It was found that 75 kg ha?1 N application at sowing for current situation is appropriate for the study location. This provided a non-limiting N supply condition for climate change impact and adaptation evaluation. Negative impacts of climate change on wheat grain yield were projected under both high (?15%) and low (?10%) plant available water capacity conditions. Neither changes in N application level nor in wheat cultivar alone nor their synergistic effects could offset the negative climate change impact. It was found that early sowing is an effective adaptation strategy when initial soil water was reset at 25 mm at sowing but this may be hard to realise especially since a drier environment is projected. |
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