几种果粮间作人工植物群落生物生产力的动态变化及其优化调控

为解决果粮间作经营的中后期常出现的作物减产和资源浪费的矛盾，有必要分析果粮人工植物群落中各生态元的时空变化过程，揭示果粮间作经营中矛盾的产生、发展乃至激化的过程，寻求合理的间作作物组合，并进行优化调控，在岷江上游干旱河谷区，选择处于不同经营阶段（３ａ，５ａ，１０ａ，１８ａ，２８ａ）而经营管理条件基本一致的的９种苹果与粮食作物间作模式，调查测定了每一模式各阶段的果树的生长及其苹果产量，各间作粮食作物的生物量、总生物量、作物固定的总能量及其光能利用率、经济产量和经济收入等指标，揭示了苹果和各粮食作物２８ａ内的生物生产力的动态变化及其特点，找到了果树不同经营阶段的合理间作物组合，提出了该区不同经营阶段的最佳模式类型．对果粮间作的作用、理论基础及优化调控指标及其不确定性等问题也进行了讨论

PRODUCTIVITY DYNAMICS AND OPTIMAL ADJUSTMENT OF NINE INTERPLANTING COMMUNITIES IN DRY VALLEY IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE MINJIANG RIVER

Typical intercropping models for apple trees and some crops in 5 management periods(3 a,5 a,10 a,18 a,and 28 a) were studied in order to understand the contradictions between fruit trees and interplanted crops. Dynamics of some biological productivity indexes in the management periods were analyzed, including average canopy area, average diameter at ground height (DGH), height, apple yield, biomass, biological energy, solar energy utilization efficiencies (SUE), outputs of interplanted crops and economic incomes of all the models. Optimal adjustment of the relationships among crops interplanted with apple trees in different periods was revealed and reasonable arrangement of apple trees interplanted with different crops in the region was suggested.