南淝河细菌群落结构的研究

为了研究受污染城市河道南淝河在进行修复前微生物群落的多样性,于2009年10月(秋季)和2010年1月(冬季)在南淝河河道中采集水样,直接从水中提取总DNA,用细菌16S rDNA的通用引物对V3区进行PCR扩增,PCR产物经DGGE(变形梯度凝胶电泳)分离后,获得水体细菌群落的DGGE指纹图谱;同时运用平板计数法对水体的异养细菌进行计数。结果表明:不同季节,不同位点南淝河的细菌群落的多样性都很丰富,但不同季节优势种有差异;相同季节临近位点细菌种群结构的相似性较高,且有顺河而下相近位点相似性增高的趋势。南淝河水体异养细菌数量秋季为20.3×103～616.3×103CFU/mL。冬季为2.3×103～53.6×103CFU/mL,冬季异养细菌数量比秋季低一个数量级,并且从上游到下游逐渐增多。但与其他同等富营养化水平的水体相比,其异养细菌含量较低。

Bacterial Community Structure of Nanfei River

To investigate genetic diversity of natural microbial community in municipal sewage polluted river,microbe samples were collected from 8 sites in Nanfei River at October 2009 and January 2010 respectively,and analyzed by PCR-DGGE.Crude DNA was extracted from water sample directly and used as template in the amplification of 16S rDNA V3 region,production of PCR was separated by DGGE,and DGGE fingerprints of aquatic bacteria community was obtained.Then the number of bacteria was counted by plate count method.Results of DGGE map indicated that genetic diversity of microbial community at 8 sampling sites was both abundant in autumn and winter,but the dominant species was different at different seasons.Similarity of microbial community structure was high between adjacent sampling sites at the same season,which was becoming higher down the river.Number of bacteria of the River was 20.3×103~616.3×103 CFU/mL in autumn and 2.3×103~53.6×103 CFU/mL in winter.There was an increasing tendency of bacteria number down the river,and number of bacteria was one quantifier lower in winter.Otherwise,the bacteria were not as abundant as that in other aquatic ecosystems under the same eutrophication levels.