特长公路隧道全射流火灾通风网络解算研究*

为探究特长公路隧道全射流火灾在通风条件下隧道内风流分布及影响规律，基于斯考德-恒斯雷近似算法构建通风网络解算模型，并通过隧道现场风机效率测试和通风测试，验证通风网络解算模型的可靠性；引入火区阻力和火风压公式，建立全射流火灾通风网络计算模型。结果表明:铜锣山隧道射流风机正向运转效率为0.83~0.93，平均效率为0.882，风机反向运转效率为0.65~0.68，平均效率为0.665；现场通风测试结果与通风网络计算结果误差在15%以内；火灾通风阻力对隧道各支路的影响程度不同，其中，对事故隧道支路的影响最大，横通道支路次之，对非事故隧道支路的影响最小；隧道坡率对烟气分配的影响主要为火风压引起，上坡隧道时，火风压起动力作用，火灾支路风量与坡度成正相关，下坡隧道时，火风压起阻力作用，火灾支路风量与坡率成负相关。

Research on resolving of full jet fire ventilation network for extra-long highway tunnel

In order to explore the distribution and influence laws of air flow in the extra-long highway tunnel under the conditions of full jet fire ventilation,a resolving model of ventilation network was established based on the Scott-Hansley approximation algorithm,and the reliability of the resolving model of ventilation network was verified by the fans efficiency test and ventilation test at the tunnel field.On this basis,the formulas of fire resistance and fire pressure were introduced to establish a calculation model for the ventilation network of full jet fire.The results showed that the forward operating efficiency of the jet fans in Tongluoshan tunnel ranged from 0.83 to 0.93,with an average efficiency of 0.882,and the reverse operating efficiency of the fans ranged from 0.68 to 0.65,with an average efficiency of 0.665.The error between the field ventilation test results and the calculation results of ventilation network was less than 15%.The fire ventilation resistance had different influence degrees on each branch of tunnel,among them,the influence on the branch of accident tunnel was the greatest,followed by the branch of cross passage,and the influence on the branch of non-accident tunnel was the least.The effect of tunnel slope ratio on the smoke distribution was mainly caused by the fire pressure.In the uphill tunnel,the fire pressure presented the dynamic effect,and the fire branch wind flow was positively related to the slope ratio.While in the downhill tunnel,the fire pressure presented the resistance effect,and the fire branch wind flow was negatively related to the slope ratio.