遵义松林Ni-Mo矿区土壤Cu、Zn污染及农作物健康风险评价

采用ICP-MS分析了贵州遵义松林Ni-Mo多金属矿区表层土壤（旱地土和水稻土）及6种农作物样品的重金属Cu、Zn含量。结果显示，矿区旱地土Cu、Zn含量分别为31.3～148.5和101.0～346.0 mg/kg，平均值分别为65.1和233.0 mg/kg；水稻土Cu、Zn含量分别为46.3～67.3和169.0～358.0 mg/kg，平均值分别为55.8和234.0 mg/kg；两种类型土壤Cu、Zn含量均高于贵州省土壤背景值（Cu，32.0 mg/kg；Zn，99.5 mg/kg）和参照样品（Cu，23.3 mg/kg；Zn，82.0 mg/kg）。采用单因子指数法对矿区土壤Cu、Zn污染程度进行评价，结果显示大部分土壤样品为轻污染和中污染，部分土壤样品达Cu、Zn重污染等级。矿区农作物样品中粮食类和蔬菜类样品的Cu平均含量分别为3.64和5.81 mg/kg；Zn平均含量分别为22.54和35.79 mg/kg。运用危险商法对矿区农作物的健康风险进行评价，水稻和白菜Cu、Zn复合污染的健康风险指数大于1（分别为2.83和2.90 mg/kg），表明这两种农作物对人体健康产生影响的可能性较大，其余作物（玉米、甘薯、辣椒、萝卜）复合污染的健康风险指数小于1，对人体健康产生影响的可能性小。

Risk Assessment of Copper and Zinc in Soils and Crops around the Ni-Mo Mining Area of Songlin, Zunyi, China

The contents of copper and zinc in soils and crops around the Ni-Mo mining area of Songlin, Zunyi, were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that contents of Cu in dryland soils and paddy soils ranged from 31.3 to 148.5 mg/kg with an average of 65.1 mg/kg and from 46.3 to 67.3 mg/kg with an average of 55.8 mg/kg, respectively, and that contents of Zn in dryland soils and paddy soils ranged from 101.0 to 346.0 mg/kg with an average of 233.0 mg/kg and from 169.0 to 358.0 mg/kg with an average of 234.0 mg/kg, respectively. The average contents of Cu and Zn were significantly higher in target soils than in comparison samples (Cu: 32.0 mg/kg, Zn: 99.5 mg/kg) and higher than their background values in soil of Guizhou (Cu:23.3 mg/kg, Zn: 82.0 mg/kg). According to the single factor pollution index assessment, the pollution level of Cu and Zn was light to moderate in most soils and was heavy in a few soils of the mining area. The contents of Cu and Zn in crop and vegetable samples ranged from 3.64 to 5.81mg/kg and 22.54 to 35.79 mg/kg, respectively. The health risk assessments of crop and vegetable in the study area by the hazard quotient evaluation indicated that the total hazard quotient (THQ) of Cu (2.83) and Zn (2.90) in rice and cabbage exceeded 1, suggesting notable impact on human health, while THQ of Cu and Zn in other crops, like corn, sweet potato, pepper and turnip, were lower than 1, suggesting little impact.